84 - ATTITUDE AND PRACTICE OF PEOPLE TOWARD ROUTINE IMMUNIZATION IN POT. L.G. - RAKIYA BUKAR

Abstract

CHAPTER ONE
1.1 Introduction
Immunization is a method of protecting people against disease. The method involves Administration or injecting people with a mind from disease so that antibodies are formed to fight infection. Once the right antibodies are produced, most people become immune to the disease and will not suffer in life.
The vaccines are made by growing the germs in laboratories and will not suffer from it in letter and killing them or weaken them before they are administrated to people. The dead or weak germs do not make the people ill but his evil develop antibodies which will protect the body when it comes in contact with the disease most vaccines i.e. by mocked e.g polio vaccine.
Immunization is a measure for presentation and control of communicable disease has been conducted in Nigeria since the colonial era. It was part of Primary Health Care (PHE) approach to health care delivery was universality adopted by members state of the World Health Organization.
After the Alma Ata declaration of Primary Health Care of 1976. Nigeria adopted and have had series of immunization programmes aimed at presentation and control children under 0-5 years, against poliomyelitis, whooping, cough (per tutu) measles, Neonatal tetanus and also to protect pregnant edemas against tetanus and their bodies against antennal tetanus.
National Immunity
This is the immunity which one has inherited from his ancestors which make him completely free from certain disease.
According to the Emdex on World Health Organization (WHO) model formulary 2006 edition page 556 verse 17 (immunological product and vaccines) explain immunity in two ways:
A. Active immunity: Active immunity may be indeed by the administration of micro - organisms or their products which act as antigen to include antibodies to confer protective.
The vaccines may consist of:
i. A Live attenuated form of a virus of bacteria.
ii. I actuated for parathion of the virus or bacteria.
iii. Contract or detoxified – usually confer immunity with a single dose.
In activated vaccines: this may require a series of injection of the first instance to produce on adequate antibodies response.
Contracts of or detoxified exudes these require a primary series injection of the following by reinforcing dose
B. Passive immunity: passive immunity is conferred by injecting preparation made from the plasma immune individual with adequate level of antibody the disease for which protection is sought.
1.2 Background of the Study
The Immunization Programmes (EP) was launched in Nigeria after Alma-ata conference in 1976 and also in 1997 (S.P.I) was renamed TO NATIONAL PROGRAMMES OF IMMUNIZATION (N.P.I), it was charged with responsibility of prevent children against communicable disease. Also National Immunization Day (NIDS) which was launched in the Nigeria in 1968 and was launched in the reprogram in the year (1996). Now it has become series of yearly programmes since (1996) to date. At this is charged with the responsibility of bolstering routine immunization to eradicated polio virus and other diseases.
1.3 Statement of Research Problems
This study aimed to find out the attitude and practice of people toward routine immunization. It is a research to finding or identified the lack of proper awareness of people on the importance of routine immunization from social mobilization committee of health workers, committee leaders and ignorance of the people is the problem which cause of spreading eight lacer disease among children 7-9m would be the issue of fizzer and Kano state on trained vaccine likely to cause people negative arise and perhaps ignorance and traditional belief of immunization programmes.
 
1.4 Research Objectives
a. To determine the level of people participation in routine immunization.
b. To find out the level of routine immunization.
c. To identify the people attitude to word routine immunization.
d. To find out method of media use during health programmes in respect of routine immunization.
1.5 Research Question
1. What is the level of routine immunization?
2. What is the attitude of the people toward routine immunization?
3. What is the level of people participation in routine immunization?
4. What is the method used in routine immunization?
1.6 Significance of Study
This research work will be of great help to the health providers in changing the attitude and practice of the people toward the acceptance of routine immunization in the prevention of disease in the people of Potiskum local government. It is therefore hoped that the result of this study would provide information where now exist, it is also hoped that the result of the people study would be useful to the health administration or administrator at large on the criteria for evaluating or assign the successful implementation of routine immunization in Potiskum, rural and urban mobility rate in the community.
1.7 Scope and Limitation
This research has some limitation which is connected with the recourses. The research is limited to the Potiskum local government, which is the city of whole Yobe state deal with routine immunization.
1.8 Definition of the Terms
Routine: Is a defined as a sequence of action regularly followed a fixed unvarying program or performance at part of regular produce.
Immunization: Is a measure for prevention and control of communicable diseases has been conducted in Nigeria since the colonial era.
Attitude: Is settled way of thinking or feeling. It is position of the body indicating a particular mental stores or self confident behaviors.
People: Is human being in general or considered collectively. or the mass of citizens in a country the populace.
Toward: Is defined as a thing more about intellectual property in the form of parent and cooperate seen.